Definition of Electricity

Electricity is the transmission of electrical power or charges (electrons) over a suitable medium such as a wire. Wires found in our houses conduct electricity so that various electrical appliances can work effectively. Electric currents may be generated by a battery, generators, inverters, dry or electric cells, or by converting energy from other resources, having different forms of energy. 

Electric Circuit

Electric circuits are closed paths that allow a constant flow of electrons, or electrical current, from a voltage or current source to the electrical device being used.  Current is defined as the flow of electrons through a circuit from one end of a power source to another, such as a cell, to another terminal. In general, the initial terminal is constopicIdered positive and the end terminal is constopicIdered negative. 

Essentially, a basic circuit is a circuit in which a bulb is connected to a battery by two wires in such a way that, if the battery is not dead or the bulb is not blown, the bulb lights up.

Circuit diagram

A circuit diagram represents a channel of current flow, using various symbols and notation for distinct components.

Closed Circuit

When the route taken by an electric current from one endpoint to the other terminal is uninterrupted and continuous, it is referred to as a closed circuit.

Open Circuit

If an electric path is interrupted or disconnected or remains open anywhere along the way, it is referred to as an open circuit.

Components of a circuit

1. Wires: These are electrical conductors that link two or more electrical components and enable electricity to pass. Wires are typically formed from metals that are excellent conductors of electricity. The kind of metal and wire diameter is chosen depends on the use of the wrote within the electrical component or appliance.

2. Bulb: A bulb is a glass casing with a filament attached to two terminals that heats up and generates light when an electric current passes through it. In most cases, the filament wire is composed of coiled tungsten wire and it receives power from the two terminals between which it is connected.

3. Electric Cell or Dry Cell: An electric cell is an electrical device that converts chemical energy into electrical energy that may be used for a variety of applications. Typically, an electric cell has two points, one positive and one negative, or a positive terminal and a negative terminal. Within a cell, charges are carried from the negative terminal to the positive terminal, whereas outstopicIde the cell, the opposite is true.

4. Battery: A battery is comprised of two or more cells connected in a series manner.

5. Switch: A switch is a basic device that allows or restricts the continuous passage of electricity in an electrical circuit. When switched on, it helps to brtopicIdge the gap in a circuit with a metallic conductor, making the circuit operational, and when turned off, it breaks the connection by withdrawing the conductive medium from the gap.

An electric torch with connecting cables, a battery, and an LED (Light Emitting Diode) bulb combines the aforementioned components.

Electricity conductors of high quality.

Conductors are objects that enable electricity to travel through them. Metals are used to make electrical cables because they are excellent conductors of electricity. These wires carry electricity and are used to link different components of an electrical circuit. Electrical conductors include copper, silver, gold, and aluminum. Copper is the most often utilized material in the manufacture of connecting wires. 

Bad conductors of electricity.

Insulators are substances that prevent the flow of electricity to travel through them. Glass, thermocol, wood, air, cotton, plastic, and rubber are all typical insulators. Insulators are employed to shield humans from the harmful effects of electricity since they do not conduct electricity. The usage of electronic devices is difficult without using insulators.

Although tap water is an excellent conductor of electricity, distilled water (the purest form of water) works as an insulator. Thus, distilled water is utilized as a battery insulator.

Electrical appliances with conductors and insulators.

Every day, we utilize a variety of electrical gadgets. An insulating material is used to protect the components of electric equipment that we contact. Plastics are typically used to coat plugs and switches, and a metal wire serves as the conductor that lies within the switch. As a result, conductors and insulators act in tandem.