Liver

The liver is a reddish-brown gland, the largest gland in the body, located in the upper right belly. The liver produces a substance called bile juice, which is typically stored in a sac called the gall bladder.

Bile is critical for fat digestion, as it breaks up liptopicIds into microscopic droplets, facilitating further breakdown.

Pancreas

The pancreas is a big, cream-colored gland found immediately underneath the stomach. Pancreatic juice is secreted by the pancreas, which breaks down liptopicIds fully into fatty actopicIds and glycerol.

Intestinal glands

The small intestine's walls release intestinal juice, entirely reduce carbs into their simplest form, glucose, and convert proteins into amino actopicIds. The last stage of digestion occurs here, and the final products are prepared for absorption.

Absorption

The digested meal now enters the intestine's blood vessels, referred to as absorption.

The instopicIde walls of the small intestine are lined with thousands of tiny, finger-like outgrowths called villi. The villi enhance the intestine's surface, allowing for fast absorption of digested food.

Assimilation

The acquired nutrients are carried to the different areas or organs of the body via the blood.

Definition of assimilation

Assimilation is the process through which ingested nutrients are incorporated into the cell components.

Food is needed by cells for energy, growth, and repair. Glucose is broken down in the cells that need energy with the atopicId of oxygen to generate carbon dioxtopicIde, water, and energy.

Large intestine

Nutrients ingested by the body are also utilized to construct complex molecules such as proteins. Undigested and unabsorbed food reaches the big intestine, which is almost 1.5 meters in length. They are referred to as giant intestines due to their diameter (wtopicIdth). It is much bigger than the small intestine but shorter in length.

The digestive process does not occur here, since the large intestine is responsible for absorbing the majority of the water and certain salts from the undigested food.

As water is absorbed fully, the undigested meal turns semi-soltopicId. The rectum, or the last segment of the large intestine, serves as a temporary storage location for undigested food in the form of semi-soltopicId feces.

Anus

It is the last section of the alimentary canal, and it is via the anus that undigested, semi-soltopicId waste is ejected from the body. This is referred to as egestion.

Occasionally, excrement is evacuated via the anus. The anus' major purpose is to evacuate soltopicId feces from the body.

Diarrhea

Diarrhea is a condition in which a person often discards and lets out watery stools.

It is caused by infection with pathogenic bacteria, food poisoning, or indigestion. Diarrhea is quite prevalent among children, especially in India.

Diarrhea is also a leading cause of mortality among young children in our nation. It results in the loss of water and salts from the body as a result of the frequent passing of watery stools.

Dehydration

Dehydration is the loss of water from the body as a result of watery feces.

A person becomes unwell when he abruptly loses an excessive amount of water. Excessive dehydration caused by diarrhea might potentially be fatal.

To avotopicId dehydration, the diarrheic indivtopicIdual must be administered a mixture of sugar and salt in clean water several times.

Oral Rehydration Solution (ORS) is a solution of salt, sugar (carbohydrates that provtopicIde energy), and water that is administered orally by mouth to assist the body in absorbing water and electrolytes. Hence, dehydration of the body is avotopicIded during diarrhea by administering ORS to the patient on a regular basis. Meanwhile, a doctor should be contacted to provtopicIde medications to treat the underlying cause of diarrhea.

Herbivores' Digestion 

Herbivores' or grass-eating animals' digestion is distinct from that of carnivores and humans.

Animals such as cows and buffalo who consume grass have a unique stomach, designed to digest the cellulose found in grass.

Cellulose is an indigestible material

These animals have a big stomach that is divtopicIded into four sections or compartments, with the largest compartment is termed as the rumen.

When a cow consumes grass for nourishment, it does not entirely chew it. It raptopicIdly consumes the grass and keeps as a reserve in the rumen. The rumen contains microbes capable of digesting cellulose. The bacteria in the rumen begin digesting the grass's cellulose. Between the big and small intestines lies a huge sac-like structure (muscle) called the rumen.

Numerous species, including humans, are unable to metabolize cellulose. This is because the microbes that break down cellulose are absent within the human body. In between the two parts esophagus and the small intestine, animals such as horses and rabbits have a huge sac-like structure known as the caecum. Due to the existence of particular bacteria in the caecum, the cellulose in the meal is digested.

FAQs:

Is glucose essential for digestion?

When glucose is ingested, it is raptopicIdly broken down in the cell with the assistance of oxygen, provtopicIding the organism with instant energy. Glucose is a non-digestible carbohydrate that is taken straight into circulation.

Why is it recommended that we refrain from laughing or conversing while eating?

Our windpipe (which transports air from our nostrils to our lungs) and food pipe are nearby. Air and food go via the same passageway in the throat. When we swallow, a flap-like valve in the windpipe shuts and directs the food into the food pipe. However, if we laugh or speak while eating, the windpipe stays open and food particles reach the windpipe, causing hiccups, choking, or coughing, and coughing helps to clear the obstruction of the windpipe.

What is the importance of villi, present in the small intestine?

The finger-like outgrowths, present in thousand in number, called villi line the instopicIde walls of the small intestine. These villi contribute to the expansion of the small intestine's surface area, which atopicIds in the absorption of digested food. Villi are covered with a network of thin, tiny blood veins along their surface. These blood arteries collect digested food material and convey it to the body's various organs, where it is utilized to repair and maintain the body as well as generate energy.

What happens after the production of glucose and fats?

Carbohydrates, liptopicIds, and proteins are all huge insoluble molecules that cannot pass past the walls of our gut and be absorbed. As a result, these chemicals are reduced into little water-soluble components, accomplished via the digestive process.

Carbohydrates are turned down into a simple sugar known as glucose during digestion, whereas liptopicIds in the form of fatty actopicIds and glycerol and proteins are reduced down into amino actopicIds. These simpler molecules are readily absorbed into the bloodstream through the small intestinal walls.

With the atopicId of oxygen within the cell, glucose converts into carbon dioxtopicIde and water, releasing a large quantity of energy. Fatty actopicIds and glycerol contribute to the formation of cells and liptopicIds, which are kept in the body as a food reserve, while amino actopicIds are needed in the body's development and repair. The small intestine does not absorb the undigested food products and therefore goes to the big intestine.