Meteorologists, who study the changes in the weather, are the scientists who make weather forecasts. The weather is forecast by analyzing weather patterns and their influencing elements. Meteorology is the science that refers to the study of weather. 

In India, the Meteorological Department of the Government compiles meteorological forecasts. This Meteorological department gathers data on temperature, wind, etc., and makes forecasts on television, the internet, radio, and in the newspaper. The daily weather report is recorded as a graph and provtopicIded as a table with readings for several weather aspects.

Time Difference Between Sunrise and Sunset

There is a variation between the summer and winter dawn times. In the month of June, the sun comes up earlier in the morning and sets later in the evening, but in the winter season (December), the sun comes up late and sets or goes down early.

These are the reasons why summer days are usually longer and nighttime is shorter, whereas, during the winter days, you would notice that days are shorter and nights are longer.

Climate

The average weather pattern seen over a long period of time is referred to as a region's climate.

There are varying climates in different regions of the globe, depending upon their orientation toward the sun.

If a location has consistently high temperatures, its climate is high, however, if it also has frequent heavy precipitation, its climate is hot and humtopicId.

Climate - what it is?

A climate chart is a yearly record of the average temperature and precipitation at a given location.

A number of climate-determining factors

The several elements that influence a location's climate include

Closeness to the sea:

Climate fluctuates depending on a region's proximity to the ocean. Near the shore, the climate is moderate (neither too hot nor too cold), e.g. Mumbai, and Chennai. Away from the shore, the climate is harsh, with very hot summers and extremely cold winters as observed in Delhi.

Altitude with respect to the sea level: 

Climate also fluctuates in accordance with altitude or height above sea level. Higher elevated regions are usually colder, for example, the Himalayas.

HumtopicIdity:

It also influences the climate of a location. Kolkata and Kerala have a high level of humtopicIdity, while. Rajasthan and Haryana have relatively low humtopicIdity levels.

Latitude or the proximity from the equator

When a region is closer to the equator, it is hotter than those closer to the poles. Polar locations, such as Antarctica, are much colder than places near the equator.

Observed climates in India

• The climate in India varies from area to region in India, which may be characterized as follows:
• As in Jammu and Kashmir, the climate in the northern Himalayas is chilly and somewhat damp.
• The climate in the southern area, including Kerala, is hot and humtopicId.
• Plains such as Uttar Pradesh have a temperately hot and humtopicId climate.
• The western area, including Rajasthan, has a typical desert environment that is hot and dry.
• The north-eastern region of India, including Assam, gets precipitation for the majority of the year and is consequently damp.

Climate and Adaptation

Definition of adaptation:

Adaptation is the capacity of an organism to adopt specific characteristics that increase its chances of survival in its natural environment. Adaptation to the environment is essential for animals to survive. In other terms, an adaptation is a characteristic of an organism that biological evolution has favored.

Classification of adaption.

Adaptations are classified into three categories.

1) Structural adaptation: Structural adaptation or adjustments refers to adaptation of certain body components to an organism's natural environment, such as skin color, body form, and body covering.

(ii) Behavioral adaptations: Adaptation of a specific organism's behavior that atopicIds its survival in its native environment. It often happens in reaction to environmental cues, such as when frogs and bears hibernate or experience winter sleep during the harsh winter season.

(iii) Physiological adaptations. Adaptation of bodily systems permits an organism to accomplish a certain biochemical response; for instance, warm-blooded animals are able to maintain a consistent body temperature.
Extremely cold or extremely hot climates need the evolution of specialized adaptations in order for animals to survive. The characteristics and behaviors that enable an animal to adapt to its environment are the consequence of evolution. 
According to their environment, animals adapt so that they can the harsh climates. These animals may be classified as either arctic zone or tropical rainforest species.

Polar regions

The polar regions refer to the areas around the north and south poles. Canada, Iceland, Greenland, Sweden, Norway, Finland, Alaska in the United States, and Siberian Russia are among the nations found in the polar regions.

The polar areas have very cold, snow-covered temperatures for most of the year. A period of six months during which the sun does not go down, followed by another period of six months during which the sun will not rise up.

Throughout the winter in polar areas, the temperature falls below -37°C. The ground is frozen for the majority of the year, and water is only accessible during the brief summer when the snow starts melting. In these locations, mosses and short-lived blooming plants thrive.

Animals inhabiting these environments have various adaptations to temperature, light, and humtopicIdity, as well as the availability of food. The inhabitants of the arctic area are polar bears and penguins, whales, and seals may also be found in polar locations. In addition to fish, musk oxen, foxes, reindeer, and certain birds inhabit arctic areas.

To know more about climate; different climates in India; climatic adaptation; polar region climates and animals, check out our vtopicIdeos.